The EYFS, or Early Years Foundation Stage, is a framework that sets the standards for the learning, development, and care of children from birth to five years old in England.
幼儿英语课堂教给孩子的20个生活技能（下篇） (opens new window) Oxford basics Classroom English Bryan GardnerFelicity Gardner (opens new window)
# Core Vocabulary Scenes for Preschoolers
Scene-based contextual learning (Typical daily routines & social interactions)
先列场景再分解词汇，毕竟脱离场景的单词表对幼儿无效。我回忆英美EYFS（早期基础阶段）的框架，决定从最贴近3-5岁孩子生活的12个场景切入，比如晨间流程、情绪表达这类高频场景，而非按字母表教单词。
特别注意标注文化差异点：比如英国幼儿园用"mud kitchen"（泥巴厨房），美国则偏向"sand table"（沙盘），这些细节会影响教学材料的真实性。每个场景选10个左右基础词汇，刻意加入具象动词（wriggle跳、twirl转）和感叹词（whoops），因为幼儿对拟声词敏感。
后续例句设计要突出"幼儿能参与的实际语言互动"：晨间场景重点给简单祈使句（"Squeeze the toothpaste"），社交场景则多用选择疑问句（"Play blocks or dinosaurs?"）。用户之前喜欢拟声词教学，所以在交通场景保留"vroom vroom"这类表达，但新增童谣歌词强化记忆。
最后保留延展性提示：标注开放性问题（PHONICS启蒙）是为有进阶需求的家庭准备，避免信息过载但提供专业支持入口。用户连续两次要求教学方案，可能在准备早教素材库，后续可补充打印资源网站或TPR（全身反应）教学法。
Physical Development: Build gross/fine motor skills through structured play. Language Acquisition: Use functional English phrases during play.
# Morning Greetings & Routines 早安例行程序
UK/US: "Self-registration"
Why taught? Establishing independence & social rituals (e.g., hanging coats, greeting peers). Key Skill: Self-regulation for separation anxiety.
Core Learning Objectives
# Vocabulary
| English Term | Child-Friendly Pronunciation | Visual Aid |
|---|---|---|
| Get up | "Geh-up!" (stretch arms high) | 🛏️ |
| Brush teeth | "Brush-teef!" (mimic brushing) | 🪥 |
| Wash face | "Wosh-fayss!" (hand circles on cheeks) | 💦 |
| Comb hair | "Kohm-hair!" (pretend combing) | 💇 |
| Make bed | "Make-bed!" (fluffing motion) | 🛏️ |
| Have breakfast | "Hav-brek-fist!" (mime eating) | 🥣 |
| Go to school | "Go-to-skoo!" (march in place) | 🎒 |
1. Sequencing: Understand and describe routine steps (first, next, last).
Morning Routine Song (Tune: Wheels on the Bus) "First I get up in the morning, geh-up! geh-up! Then I brush my teeth, brush-teef! brush-teef!"
Mirror Game Teacher says: "Show me ‘wash face’!" Kids mimic actions
# Functional Phrases
Expressing needs: "I need to potty!" Asking for help: "Help me, please!" (zipping coat) Turn-taking: "My turn?" (at sink)
Interactive Scenarios
Role-Play Stations Breakfast Table: Practice "Pass the milk, please!" with toy food . Coat Area: Hang coats while saying "My hook!" .
Comic Strip Creation Kids draw their routines with speech bubbles: "First, I get up. Then, I comb hair!"
Bathroom Hygiene Chant "Flush the potty! Wash with soap! Dry your hands—Ready to go!"
# Cultural Integration & Assessment
Cultural Context: UK/US differences (e.g., UK "wash up" vs. US "clean up"). UK vs. US Variations
| Routine Step | UK English | US English |
|---|---|---|
| Washing dishes | "Wash up!" | "Clean up!" |
| Rain boots | "Wellies!" | "Rain boots!" |
| Backpack | "School bag!" | "Backpack!" |
Assessment Tools
Observation Checklist: ✅ Uses "brush teeth" while holding toothbrush . ✅ Sequences 3+ actions with picture cards .
Show-and-Tell: Kids bring a morning item (e.g., hairbrush) and say: "I comb hair with this!"
How to Create a Productive Morning Routine – The Complete Guide (opens new window)
# Playground & Outdoor Play
Emphasis: Risky play + sharing
Why taught? Safety rules ("No pushing on slide!"), risk assessment, sharing equipment. UK/US Focus: Mud kitchens (UK), climbing frames (US).
Playground Rules
shovel dustpan rake
Core Learning Objectives
# Safety Awareness: Master playground rules and risk assessment.
Safety First!
Aligned with UK EYFS "Enabling Environments" principle and Busy Bees' safety ethos
| English Term | Child-Friendly Pronunciation | Visual Aid |
|---|---|---|
| Wait your turn | "Wayt-yor-turn!" (palms out) | 🛑 |
| Two hands | "Too-hands!" (hold up both hands) | ✋ |
| Walk, don't run | "Wok-dohn-run!" (mime walking) | 🚶 |
| Share the swing | "Sher-thuh-swing!" (point to swing) | 🌤️ |
- Safety Role-Play
Use playground photos . Kids identify hazards (e.g., running near swings) while chanting: "Running near swings? No-no-no! Walk around? Yes-yes-yes!"
Teacher Script: "What’s unsafe here? Show me ‘walking feet’!"
- Helmet Hero Craft
Decorate paper helmets while repeating: "Helmet on! Safe and strong!"
# Nature Exploration
Inspired by BMH Preschool's forest curriculum and EYFS "Understanding the World" .
Key Vocabulary
Pinecone ("Pine-kohn!"), Bug ("Buhg!"), Mud ("Muhd!")
Activities
- Sensory Scavenger Hunt Collect natural items while practicing phrases: "I found a spiky pinecone!" (BMH's forest activities )
Teacher Prompt: "Is it rough or smooth? Show me!" 2. Mud Kitchen Lab Use Busy Bees' outdoor kitchen setup . Kids "cook" mud pies while negotiating roles: "You stir! I pour!"
# Winter Play
Adapted from Bright & Early’s winter guidelines .
Key Vocabulary Snowflake ("Sno-flake!"), Icicle ("Eye-sih-kul!"), Mittens ("Mit-tens!")
Activities
- Snowflake Cutting Strengthen fine motor skills with snowflake剪纸 . Chant while cutting: "Snip-snip-snowflake! Cold and white!"
2. Winter Obstacle Course Set up balance beams (icy paths) and snowball targets. Use phrases: "Climb over! Aim at target!"
#### Social Skills Builder Social-Emotional Skills: Practice sharing, turn-taking, and conflict resolution.
Conflict Resolution Strategies
| Situation | Phrase | Visual Aid |
|---|---|---|
| Toy conflict | "Trade?" / "5 more minutes?" | 🤝 |
| Fall response | "Are you okay? Help you up?" | ❤️ |
Role-Play Scenarios
- Sharing Station
Kids request turns on tricycles using timers: "My turn when timer beeps!" (Busy Bees' sharing protocols )
# Cultural Integration & Assessment
| Concept | UK Term | US Term |
|---|---|---|
| Playground surface | "Tarmac" | "Asphalt" |
| Rain boots | "Wellies" | "Rain boots" |
| Play structure | "Climbing frame" | "Monkey bars" |
Assessment Tools
1. Observation Checklist : ✅ Uses "wait your turn" at slide entrance. ✅ Identifies 3+ nature items in English. 2. Safety Superhero Badges Award badges for spotting hazards (e.g., "Icicle Inspector").
# Bathroom/Hygiene Routines
Key: Independence language
Why taught? Reduces accidents; promotes self-care. Critical for full-day US programs. Key Phrase: "I need to potty!"
# 如厕训练 (Potty Time)
Key Readiness Signs:
🟢 Physical: Bladder control (dry diapers ≥2 hours), ability to pull pants up/down. 🟢 Cognitive: Understands simple commands ("Sit on the potty!"), expresses needs with words ("I need to go!")/gestures. 🟢 Emotional: Shows discomfort with wet diapers, curiosity about adult toilet habits.
Step-by-Step Training Protocol
- Potty Introduction: Decorate child-sized potties while modeling phrases: "Potty time! Sit down, please!"
2. Routine Practice: Have fully clothed children sit on the potty for 5 minutes daily to build familiarity. Clothed sits for 3-5 minutes post-meals, chanting: "Pants down, sit tight, wait for the tinkle!"
- Accident Response: Calmly say: "Oops! Pee goes in the potty. Let’s clean up!"
4. Reward System: Sticker charts for successful attempts; praise phrases: "Hooray! You used the potty!"
Core Skills & Language
- Toilet Paper Use: "Fold, wipe front to back—1, 2, 3! FLUSH!"
2. Privacy & Safety: "Close the door. Knock first—wait for ‘OK!’"
3. Cough/Sneeze Etiquette: "Cough in your elbow, germs stay IN!" 咳嗽肘部挡口，病菌无处可走！ Cover mouth and nose, block droplets “遮掩口鼻，阻截飞沫”
Role-Play Scenarios
- Potty Puppet Show: Teachers use puppets to model: "Uh-oh! I feel wiggly! Time to RUN to the potty!" “wiggly”源自单词“wiggle”（扭动、蠕动），在口语中常以“feel wiggly”形式出现，描述一种身体内部 不适或紧迫感，尤指肠胃蠕动带来的坐立不安感，常见于以下情境：
指儿童或成人 肠胃不适、有便意或急需上厕所 的感觉，类似“肚子咕噜叫”或“扭动感”。 在儿童语言中更常用，是一种可爱或委婉的表达，避免直接说“拉肚子”或“肚子痛”
家长教育儿童识别身体信号（如：“If you feel wiggly, go to the bathroom right away!”）。 日常幽默表达（如朋友间开玩笑说“I feel wiggly—be back in a minute!”）
(勿混淆为“feel jiggly”（指身体脂肪晃动）或“feel wobbly”（指头晕或腿软），后者更接近身体失衡。)
2. Privacy Practice: Use "Do Not Disturb" signs on stalls; teach phrase: "I need private time!"
# Handwashing Mastery
Based on CDC/UNICEF’s 5-step handwashing .
Key English Vocabulary & Phrases
| Term | Child-Friendly Phrase | Action |
|---|---|---|
| Soap | "Squirt the soap!" | 🧴 Pump soap |
| Scrub | "Scrub like a detective!" | 🔍 Rub palms/backs/fingers |
| Rinse | "Rinse away germs!" | 💦 Flush hands under water |
| Dry | "Dry super dry!" | 🧺 Use paper towel |
| English Term | Child-Friendly Pronunciation | Visual Aid |
|---|---|---|
| Soap bubbles | "Sō-puh buh-buls!" (rub hands) | 🫧 |
| Scrub fingers | "Skruhb fing-gers!" (wiggle fingers) | ✋ |
| Rinse away germs | "Rins uh-way jurms!" (fling water) | 💦 |
Seven-Step Technique
1. Palms: Rub together with soap → "Make soap clouds!" 2. Backs: Scrub knuckles and backs → "Clean your turtle shell!" 3. Fingers: Interlace fingers → "Zip and unzip!" 4. Thumbs: Rotate thumbs → "Twist the bottle cap!" 5. Fingertips: Scrub nails on palms → "Scratch the germs away!" 6. Wrists: Rotate wrists → "Polish your watch!" 7. Rinse & Dry: → "Wave goodbye to germs!"
Activities
- Germ Glow Game:
Apply UV lotion → Wash hands → Use black light to spot "missed germs" . Chant while scrubbing: "Scrub between fingers, scrub under nails—germs go DOWN the drain!"
2. 20-Second Timer:
Sing "Happy Birthday" twice or "Twinkle Twinkle Little Star" .
# Toothbrushing Best Practices
Making oral hygiene effective and engaging :
1. Optimal Timing: Brush before bathing to rinse away toothpaste residue during the shower . 2. Proper Technique: Hold brush at 45° to gums. Use gentle circles for 2 minutes (sing "Happy Birthday" twice as a timer) . Cover all surfaces: outer, inner, and chewing sides.
- Child Engagement: Let kids brush a toy’s teeth first. Use flavored fluoride toothpaste and reward charts for consistency
# Showering & Bathtub
亲子英语 ：Taking a shower洗澡 (opens new window)
Don't splash,不要把水溅出来Don't splash me.不要把水溅到我身上! Let's wash off the bubbles. ▲现在我们把身上的泡泡冲干净 Dry yourself with the bath towel/ towel. 拿浴巾/毛巾把自己擦干。 bath towel浴巾，towel 毛巾 Be careful, the floor is slippemy.小心地滑Let me blow-dry your hair.我帮你吹头发。Feel fresh now?现在感觉舒服吗?Now let's apply some body lotion.涂一点身体乳。Now put on your pajamas.穿上睡衣Let's go to bed.我们去睡觉吧!
Safety:
1. Water Temperature Check: Run cold water first, then add warm water. Test with your elbow or a thermometer (target: ≤120°F/49°C) to prevent scalds . (opens new window) Child tip: Let children stick a finger under the stream to learn safe testing . 2. Non-Slip Surfaces: Use adhesive grips or mats in the tub to prevent slips . (opens new window) 3. Supervision: Never leave children unattended, even briefly. Take them with you if you step out . 4. Showering with Babies: Pass infants to a partner post-shower (towel ready). For solo showers, Time your showers with the baby's naps (keep bassinet nearby)..
- Hazard Prevention: Install faucet covers to avoid burns . (opens new window) Store shampoos/cleaners in locked cabinets
Step-by-Step Bathing Routine:
1. Undress & Prep: Remove clothes; gather soap, loofah, and toys. 2. Water Adjustment: "Turn the tap left for warmer water!"
3. Body Cleaning: Apply shower gel to a loofah. Scrub neck, shoulders, armpits ("Lift arms!"), belly, and bottom . 4. Hair Washing: Wet hair fully → apply shampoo → lather → rinse thoroughly .
- Rinse & Exit: "Rinse off bubbles!" → Step out carefully ("Floor is slippery!")
Towel Use & After-Bath Care
1. Towel Selection: Opt for extra-large, hooded towels (organic cotton/bamboo) for full coverage and warmth . 2. Drying Technique: Pat gently (don’t rub) to retain moisture. Avoid rubbing sensitive skin .
- Infant tip: Wrap from head to toe to prevent chills .
- Moisturize: Apply body lotion or bath butter immediately after drying to lock in hydration
# Cultural Integration & Assessment
| Concept | US English | UK English |
|---|---|---|
| Toilet | Bathroom/restroom | Loo |
| Faucet | Faucet | Tap |
| Diaper | Diaper | Nappy |
Assessment Tools
- Hygiene Hero Checklist : ✅ Verbally requests "I need the potty!" ✅ Washes hands for 20+ seconds without prompts. ✅ Flushes and uses toilet paper independently.
- Parent Collaboration Sheet: Track home progress using CDC handwashing infographics
How to teach your kids handwashing (opens new window) Global Handwashing Day (opens new window)
# Snack/Meal Time
Why taught? Self-service ("Pass the milk"), allergy awareness ("No nuts!"). Cultural Note: UK "biscuit" vs US "cookie".
UK: "Snack trolley", US: "Family-style dining"
点心时间 Snack Time
Pro Tip: Embed hygiene in daily transitions! Before snack time: "Finger check! CLEAN? Show me!"
# Emotion Recognition
Why taught? Foundation for SEL (Social-Emotional Learning) – anger thermometer, calm corners.
Added: Calm-down strategies
情绪表达 (My Feelings)
# Sharing & Taking Turns
Why taught? Reduces toy snatching; teaches negotiation ("Trade?" / "5 more minutes?")
玩具共享 (Sharing Toys)
Expanded: Conflict resolution
# Center Time
Why taught? Teaches choice-making ("I want blocks"), clean-up responsibility. US Example: "Kitchen center" = US "House area".
Defined play zones: Art/Blocks/Dramatic Play
基础指令响应 (Following Directions)
# Circle Time Activities 幼儿园社交互动
Why taught? Group participation (songs, calendar rituals), sitting norms. UK/US Difference: UK "carpet time", US "rug time".
UK/US: Calendar, weather, phonics intro
户外探索 (Nature Hunt)
# Clean-up Transitions
Why taught? Routine predictability ("5-minute warning!"), responsibility.
Critical for classroom flow
清理时间 (Clean-up Time)
# Body Parts & Safety
Why taught? Abuse prevention ("My body belongs to me"), injury reporting ("Knee hurts").
e.g., "Private parts = PANTS rule" in UK
身体部位认知 (Body Parts Game) belly button 肚脐 cover the ears 捂耳朵 blow one's nose 擤鼻涕
# Transportation & Travel
Why taught? Car/bus safety terms ("Buckle up"), travel routines.
交通工具 (Transportation)
School bus/car seat safety terms
# Story Time Responses
Why taught? Develops comprehension ("What happens next?"), imagination ("Pretend you're Cat!").
UK/US: "Predict/Retell" skills
天气观察 (Weather Report) Weather & Seasons
# colors and shapes
sort by colors/shapes purple violet mix colors
# counting is fun
# directions
first last top bottom
front behind up down
# logics
# order
place in order
# pattern
# opposite
# mystery box
# daily life
# fruits and vegitables
# actions
clap hands stamp feet wiggle wag
# wash
# put on clothes
shoes/jackets/scarlf/hat tangle up
# sports
walking hop running tiptoe twirl galop
# words
words start with A-Z
# Song
do you know the muffin man/bread man/fruitstand man bath time song one little finger tap tap tap old macdonald has a farm mary has a big giraf
hello song take a photo 1 2 3
cleanup song
if you are happy clap your hands, if you are angry stamp your feet
# playground
# draw
pigment