计算机基础教程

回目录《树莓派raspberry》

关于显示器无法显示：都是sdcard上config文件的配置问题，比如我买的pi top，用了pi top的distro就可以显示，而自己烧录的raspbian就无法显示，然后我只是文件compare了一下config，改成跟pi top的distro一样就ok了

关于headless无头模式，一个是wifi，一个是ssh，要注意不同的os版本相应的wifi的配置不同， Raspbian Jessie 系统 network={ ssid="WiFi名字" psk="WiFi密码" key_mgmt=WPA-PSK } Raspbian Stretch 系统 ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev network={ ssid="WiFi名字" psk="WiFi密码" key_mgmt=WPA-PSK }

所以熟悉下raspbian的不同版本还是有必要的，比如Jessie Stretch 而ssh开启很简单，给一个ssh文件就ok

主要配置 raspi-config

pi/raspberry

黑客基站https://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-11/124762.htm

ls /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/

Set hostname If you are using the raspian distribution from raspberrypi.org, raspberrypi.local is the default hostname. sudo nano /etc/hosts sudo nano /etc/hostname https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?t=7280 dtoverlay=pi3-enable-wifi https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?t=211383

# 1. Setup

# Step 1: burn image

Download image Then format Sdcard with ‘SD Card Formatter’ and write image into the sdcard with ‘Win32DiskImage’ https://www.raspberrypi.org/downloads/ https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/installation/installing-images/README.md

https://www.sdcard.org/downloads/formatter/ https://sourceforge.net/projects/win32diskimager/

# Step 2: config

Connect to monitor(change monitor setting) or config for headless install:

Config wifi manually and enable ssh SETTING UP A RASPBERRY PI HEADLESS https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/configuration/wireless/headless.md https://blog.twofei.com/772/

Issue: auto wifi not working Raspbian version: buster

# Step 3: boot

Using ip scanner https://www.advanced-ip-scanner.com/ or router admin to find out the ip for ssh connect Default login: pi/raspberry Once login, Enable SSH/VNC/wifi/CAMERA…. Sudo raspi-config https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/remote-access/vnc/README.md Extend sdcard to full use

sudo apt-get install python3 sudo apt-get install python3-pip pip3 install picamera https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/linux/software/python.md

Run ssh on startup/boot https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?f=66&t=86950 http://raspberrypi.stackexchange.com/questions/1747/starting-ssh-automatically-at-boot-time

# Step 4. Handy tools

tools for android phone user all you need are here: http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/6-android-apps-every-raspberry-pi-owner/ virtual keyboard: sudo apt-get install matchbox remote access： https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/remote-access/

# Troubleshooting

# sdcard format and partition

a. if your sdcard more than 32G, windows disk manager may not be able to format it correctly, I am not sure abt mac and other os, use sdcard formatter instead
b. if you find there are some unallocated spaces, then your sdcard may has been corrupted due to some improper operations, then you definitely need to delete the partition and repartition it.
c. remember partition it as primary not logic, and better choose FAT32 format format tool: https://www.sdcard.org/downloads/formatter_4/eula_windows/index.html partition tool: http://www.partition-tool.com/partner/app.htm

# Network access

A. wifi connected, no internet access B. cannot connect to wifi C. static ip address

check points:

ethnet wlan ifconfig wconfig /etc/network/intefaces /etc/wpa_suppliant/wpa_suppliant.conf /etc/resolv.conf sudo ifdown wlan0 sudo ifup wlan0

https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/configuration/wireless/wireless-cli.md dns flush: sudo apt-get nscd sudo /etc/init.d/nscd restart http://raspberrypi.stackexchange.com/questions/4275/dns-resolution-failure https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?f=91&t=31238 http://askubuntu.com/questions/572152/i-cant-access-the-internet-through-my-raspberry-pi-when-connected-through-ssh https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?t=23344 https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?f=91&t=98903 How to Set Up WiFi on the Raspberry Pi www.circuitbasics.com/raspberry-pi-wifi-installing-wifi-dongle/ http://weworkweplay.com/play/automatically-connect-a-raspberry-pi-to-a-wifi-network/ raspberrypihq.com/how-to-add-wifi-to-the-raspberry-pi/ wifi country code http://raspberrypi.stackexchange.com/questions/44183/wifi-country-code-resetting https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?f=28&t=81021

# Screen Display/Monitor & Resolution

if your monitor supports multiple ports, config the correct one

7 Inch 1024600 HDMI LCD Display with Touch Screen https://www.elecrow.com/wiki/index.php?title=7_Inch_1024600_HDMI_LCD_Display_with_Touch_Screen

http://hackaday.com/2014/11/02/using-cell-phone-screens-with-any-hdmi-interface/ https://howtoraspberrypi.com/raspberry-pi-hdmi-not-working/

VGA Adapter: RGB IN DVI-D DVI-I It turns out that a typical digital monitor only accepts DVI-D connectors. A standard DVI-I connector (left) may be converted to a DVI-D (right) by removing the 4 additional pins surround the big pin. This extraction is easily done using a long-nose plier.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FWSHrTHKg0w#t=156.177646

# keyboard & mouse

laggy wifi mouse

vim /boot/cmdline.txt
usbhid.mousepoll=8
You can change the number to anything from 0-8. The lower the number the smoother the mouse movement will be, but the higher the load on the CPU. 

for readonly:
 LibreELEC mounts /flash as read-only, so you need to look which device and partition it is and remount it as writeable:
eg: df -h (to see mounted partitions), then:
mount -o remount,rw /dev/mmcblk0p8 /flash

keyboard issue, e.g quotes key https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?f=28&t=24751

# Power supply

5V 2.1A if power brownout you will see a lighting bolt on top right corner. Don't use usb connected your computer, it may burn your motherboard, be carefully when use phone power supply, USB connectors normally imply 5V (but note that some cheap USB connected chargers [not "power supplies"] may be unregulated, and when lightly loaded may output more than 5Volt, even 6Volt or more), generally all micro USB cables should be adhering to the USB standards and output at around 5V, but we specifically mention the 5V to make sure people are checking the voltage levels put out by their charger before blindly plugging it in.So once we're sure people make sure it's a 5V PSU, since they're already looking down there, check for how many mA (or Amps) it puts out. The Model B needs ~700mA (0.7A) to run. As such it will not run off your computer's USB port as that only provides 500mA. --https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=4812 http://raspberrypi.stackexchange.com/questions/26705/will-any-external-battery-power-a-raspberry-pi http://raspi-ups.appspot.com/en/index.jsp power supply switch https://www.pi-supply.com/product/pi-supply-raspberry-pi-power-switch/?v=79cba1185463 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YpAYDcW_Jx0

VNC raspbian cannot currently show the desktop Enable boot to desktop(lite version by default boot to console) sudo apt-get install lxsession https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?t=216737#p1486094
Raspbian buster lite no wireless interfaces found https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/configuration/wireless/wireless-cli.md ip link show https://raspberrypi.stackexchange.com/questions/89704/rpi3-model-b-no-wireless-interface-found

?#pro01： ubuntu welcome to emergency mode Using a VNC client that requests the wrong amount of colors, will crash the application (displaying an “emergency recovery shell” on screen). http://www.berryterminal.com/doku.php/berryboot/headless_installation http://raspberrypi.stackexchange.com/questions/37558/how-to-troubleshoot-a-headless-pi-that-boots-into-emergency-mode https://ubuntu-mate.community/t/getting-emergency-mode-screen-on-boot-up-every-time/2626/3 https://ubuntu-mate.community/t/getting-emergency-mode-screen-on-boot-up-every-time/2626/5 https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?f=56&t=124149

# 2.More

# 2.1. Camera

树莓派摄像头安装 https://www.rs-online.com/designspark/chi-pi-cam-setup-tutorial https://linux.cn/article-3650-1.html 非官方 ./mjpg_streamer -i './input_raspicam.so' -o './output_http.so -w ./www'

Time lapse film https://projects.raspberrypi.org/en/projects/cress-egg-heads https://projects.raspberrypi.org/en/projects/cress-egg-heads/10

sudo apt-get install ffmpeg
#avconv -r 10 -i image%04d.jpg -r 10 -vcodec libx264 -crf 20 -g 15 timelapse.mp4
ffmpeg -r 10 -i image%04d.jpg -c:v libx264 -vf fps=25 -pix_fmt yuv420p out.mp4

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/24961127/how-to-create-a-video-from-images-with-ffmpeg

Image viewer https://raspberrypi.stackexchange.com/questions/1391/can-anyone-recommend-a-simple-image-viewer

sudo apt-get install feh
feh -d -S filename ./

# 2.2.Cooling system

yes, you need, http://raspberrypi.stackexchange.com/questions/22928/does-the-raspberry-pi-need-a-cooling-system, https://www.zhihu.com/question/20767376 heat sink https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1AYGnw6MwFM https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1AYGnw6MwFM water cooling https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RggpIEYh9VU

# 2.3 Read analog

https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?f=37&t=137207 https://learn.adafruit.com/reading-a-analog-in-and-controlling-audio-volume-with-the-raspberry-pi/overview

# 3. Use Cases

# 3.1 Auto Watering system

Arduino, solenoid valve with a power supply, breadboard, electronic water sensor, rain bird sprinkler head, and a relay. http://blogs.sourceallies.com/2014/06/automated-plant-watering-system/ http://makezine.com/2015/04/13/video-walkthrough-automatic-garden-watering-data-logging-arduino/

https://www.hackster.io/ben-eagan/raspberry-pi-automated-plant-watering-with-website-8af2dc http://nuke666.cn/2018/04/14/auto-water-flowers/

比较器模块土壤湿度探头继电器模块黑胶布

https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?t=169666

# 3.2 智能小车

化繁为简！开发者尝鲜阿里小程序云平台，实操讲解如何打造智能小车！ (opens new window)

# Cluster

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i_r3z1jYHAc https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KJKhRLKXr-Q

# Pie-Top

https://pimylifeup.com/pi-top-review/ https://3dprint.com/45158/pi-top-version-3/ pi-top install hands on http://makezine.com/2015/11/16/hands-on-with-pi-top-the-raspberry-pi-powered-laptop/

# Ethereum Node

Build a RespNode http://raspnode.com/diyEthereumGeth.html#homenet 中文安装全记录： http://blog.csdn.net/iracer/article/details/51620051

# Kali

run kali on raspberry http://www.thesecurityblogger.com/installing-and-troubleshooting-kali-linux-on-raspberry-pi/

# 树莓派太阳能板 + nxtcoin pos +移动硬盘

https://www.nxter.org/how-to-set-up-a-nxt-node-on-a-raspberry-pi-2/

# todo:

37 in 1 sensor kit: https://www.modmypi.com/download/37-piece-sensor-description.pdf heartbeat/Fingertip measuring heartbeat http://forum.arduino.cc/index.php?topic=230713.0 https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?f=37&t=114615 tracking I2C ADC https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?f=93&t=18138 shift register(sn74hc595n) Graphic Display(R61526 16PIN)

Images: images for miner: http://cryptomining-blog.com/tag/raspberry-pi-mining/ http://www.digital-coins.net/wordpress/index.php/2014/12/20/setup-your-raspberry-pi-as-mining-device-controller/ ubuntu mate for raspberry https://ubuntu-mate.org/raspberry-pi/ run standard raspbian on pi-top https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?f=29&t=149151&p=990308 https://github.com/rricharz/pi-top-install

multiple boot with berryboot (predefined os: rasbian/ubuntu mate,core/kali,etc. http://www.geekfan.net/5244/ www.howtogeek.com/141325/how-to-multi-boot-your-raspberry-pi-with-berryboot/ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BGCeLct5SUg add custom os www.howtogeek.com/141325/how-to-multi-boot-your-raspberry-pi-with-berryboot/ www.youtube.com/watch?v=GYamNsUXC8M https://forums.kali.org/showthread.php?449-Booting-Kali-Linux-with-Berryboot http://www.berryterminal.com/doku.php/berryboot ethereum version: ethembedded.com/?page_id=171 http://www.multibootpi.com/

How to Make a Raspberry Pi VPN Server https://www.electromaker.io/tutorial/blog/raspberry-pi-vpn-server