https://uk.rs-online.com/web/content/discovery/ideas-and-advice/dip-switches-guide
In a nutshell, the role of DIP switches is to allow users to control the flow of electricity around a printed circuit board (PCB), expansion card or other electronics/computer peripheral, and therefore change the operating mode of a device.
All types of DIP switch are widely deployed across various industries and applications today, including such uses as:
PC expansion cards Arcade machines Automatic garage doors Measurement and test devices Industrial sectors and machinery controls Production and editing equipment